CSMA/CD is a method associated with which networking standard?

CSMA/CD, which stands for Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection, is a networking protocol primarily associated with the Ethernet standard. This method is designed to manage how data packets are transmitted over a shared communication medium. In environments where multiple devices are connected to the same network segment and may attempt to send data simultaneously, CSMA/CD facilitates orderly communication.

When a device wants to send data, it first listens to the channel for any other transmissions. If the channel is free, the device sends its data. However, if another device also transmits simultaneously, a collision occurs. CSMA/CD detects this collision, stops both transmissions, and then allows the devices to wait for a random period before attempting to resend their data. This helps in minimizing data packet loss and maintains the efficiency of the network.

In contrast, the other options relate to different technologies: IEEE 802.11 pertains to wireless networking standards, ISO 9001 is a set of quality management standards not directly related to any networking method, and IPX is a network protocol associated with the Novell NetWare operating system that does not utilize CSMA/CD.