What technique does PCM (Pulse Code Modulation) use to encode voice data?

Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) is a method used to digitally represent analog signals, specifically in the context of encoding voice data. The correct technique employed by PCM involves sampling an analog signal at regular intervals and then quantizing those samples to convert them into a digital format. In the case of PCM, voice data is typically sampled at a frequency of 8 kHz, and each sample is then encoded to produce a constant bit rate of 64 kbits per second.

This process involves taking discrete measurements, or samples, of the voice waveform, which effectively captures the varying amplitude of the analog signal over time. These samples are then transformed into binary values, allowing for the representation of the original sound in a format that can be easily transmitted and processed by digital systems.

In contrast, other techniques mentioned, such as frequency modulation, one-bit encoding, or data compression algorithms, do not adequately represent the PCM approach. Frequency modulation, for example, alters the frequency of a carrier wave to encode information, which differs fundamentally from the sample-and-quantize process of PCM. One-bit encoding at high rates refers to a different encoding strategy and is not representative of how PCM functions by utilizing multiple bits to represent each sample. Lastly, data compression algorithms focus on reducing